Understanding Phonological Processes: A Chart for Better Communication

As speech-language pathologists (SLPs), understanding phonological processes is crucial in identifying and treating children with communication disorders. One of the most common phonological processes is the replacement of a sound typically produced in the back of the oral cavity with a front sound.

For instance, some children may have difficulty producing the 'k' sound correctly, often replacing it with silence or another sound altogether. This can be observed when they say 'ite' instead of 'kite' or omit the 'k' sound entirely. Similarly, they might make mistakes with specific sounds in words, such as using the 'd' sound instead of the 'g' sound, resulting in saying 'doe' instead of 'go.'

Phonological processes can also manifest when children are able to produce sounds correctly but use them incorrectly in a word or sentence. For example, they might use the correct sound for one word but not another, leading to difficulties with communication.

Children with highly unintelligible speech often present with phonological disorders. These disorders involve repeating patterns of incorrect productions that simplify speech sound production. This can be seen when children delete sounds from words, such as saying 'ca' instead of 'cat' or 'si' instead of 'sit.'

Phonological disorders are more complex than articulation disorders, which involve difficulty producing a specific sound (or sounds). Articulation disorders occur when children have trouble making sounds and forming particular speech sounds properly. For instance, a child might put their tongue in the wrong spot when creating the /r/ sound, resulting in an incorrect pronunciation.

To address phonological disorders, SLPs use articulation therapy, which involves targeting specific sounds that are difficult for children to produce. This can include exercises and games designed to help children correct their speech patterns and improve communication skills.

In conclusion, understanding phonological processes is essential for identifying and treating communication disorders in children. By recognizing the types of disorders and using targeted therapies like articulation therapy, SLPs can help children develop better communication skills and overcome challenges with speech production.

Phonological processes chart asha